Segregation
From dKosopedia
Segregation is the American practice of racial discrimination, usually against blacks. The doctrine of "separate but equal" rights was established in Plessy v. Ferguson and later struck down in Brown v. Board of Education.
So-called "Jim Crow laws" were the result of segregation, leading to such shameful absurdities (from a modern perspective) as bathrooms for "Men", "Women" and "Coloreds".